Assessing the role of TUBA4A gene in frontotemporal degeneration.

The tubulin alpha 4a (TUBA4A) gene has been recently associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Interestingly, some of the mutation carriers were also diagnosed with frontotemporal degeneration (FTD) or mild cognitive impairment. With the aim to investigate the role of TUBA4A in FTD, we screened TUBA4A in a series of 814 FTD patients from Spain. Our data did not disclose any nonsense or missense variant in the cohort, thus suggesting that TUBA4A mutations are not associated with FTD.

"Factores socio-económicos y culturales y educación sanitaria. Influencia sobre la prevalencia de las parasitosis intestinales en la población escolar rural y urbano marginal en la Institución Educativa Juan Clemente Vergel Nº 83004 - Ex 91de Cajamarca" / Socio-economic factors and cultural and health education. Influence on the prevalence of intestinal parasites in school children in rural and marginal urban Juan Clemente Vergel Educational Institution No. 83004 - Ex 91de Cajamarca

La presente investigación tuvo como finalidad determinar la influencia de los factores socioculturales y de educación sanitaria, en la prevalencia de enteroparasitosis en alumnos del colegio nacional Juan Clemente Vergel Nº 83004 û Ex91. Las muestras de heces colectadas, fueron analizadas mediante el Examen directo y el Método de Parodi modificado. Las prevalencias respectivas encontradas para protozoos fueron: Entamoeba coli -14.06% Giardia intestinalis û 15.75%, Endomilax nana û 8.82%, e lodamoeba butschlii û 3.62%, y las prevalencias encontradas para helmintos fueron: Hymenolepis nana û 1.10%, Ascaris lumbricoides û 0.79%, Diphyllobothrium pacificum û 0.63%, Enterobius vermicularis û 0.32% y para Fasciola hepática û 0.16%. Las mayores prevalencias fueron E. coli, E. nana, I. butschlii y G lamblia coincidiendo con la bibliografía consultada, las condiciones climáticas condicionaron las prevalencias de H. nana y A lumbricoides, y para D. pacificum y Fasciola hepática. Dicho condicionamiento subyace en los hábitos alimenticios de comer pescado o carne de cerdo o vaca mal cocida respectivamente. Para E. vermiculares su bajo valor se explica en el hecho de que los análisis realizados no son específicos para esta parasitosis.

The goal of this research was to find what influence of sociocultural factors and health û care knowledge on the prevalence of intestinal parasites, in students from Juan Clemente vergel Nº 83004 û Ex 91 Elementary School. Feces samples were collected and analyzed by direct exam (Saline and Iodine wet mount preparations), and Modified ParodiÆs technique. Prevalences found for protozoan respectively were: Entamoeba coli, 14.06%; Giardia intestinalis, 15.75%; Endomilax nana, 8.82% and Iodamoeba butschlii, 3.62%. While for the Hymenolepis nana û 1.10%, Ascaris lumbricoides û 0.79%, Diphyllobothrium pacificum û 0.63%, Enterobius vermicularis û 0.32% and Fasciola hepatica û 0.1%. The greatest prevalences belonged to E. coli, E. nana e I butschlii and G lamblia. The prevalence of H. nana and A. lumbricoides, and the presence of D. pacificum and F. hepatica were condinioted by weather factors. This Conditions underlies on the eating habits like eating undercooked fish or cow or pig respectively. The low value of the prevalence of E. vermicularis is justified on the methods of analysis since they were not specific to diagnose this type of parasitism.